![]() The PAM-Interacting domain confers PAM specificity and is therefore responsible for initiating binding to target DNA ( Anders et al. ![]() The arginine-rich bridge helix is crucial for initiating cleavage activity upon binding of target DNA ( Nishimasu et al. The role of the REC II domain is not yet well understood. ![]() The Rec I domain is the largest and is responsible for binding guide RNA. The Cas9 protein has six domains, REC I, REC II, Bridge Helix, PAM Interacting, HNH and RuvC (Figure 1) ( Jinek et al. ![]() The Cas9 protein is responsible for locating and cleaving target DNA, both in natural and in artificial CRISPR/Cas systems. The key step in editing an organism’s genome is selective targeting of a specific sequence of DNA. Two biological macromolecules, the Cas9 protein and guide RNA, interact to form a complex that can identify target sequences with high selectivity. ![]()
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